Поиск по творчеству и критике
Cлово "DIFFERENT"
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Часть текста: In the past twenty years, however, the theory of speech genres has been developed mainly in the field of linguistics, where the principal object of study is not literary language. Drawing upon the work of linguists, this Bakhtinian critical study has therefore been undertaken with the goal of “returning” speech theory to the study of literature. A new typology of speech genres is presented that seeks to unite Bakhtin’s theory with Roman Jakobson’s model of communication and the functions of language. This thesis contends that authors understand the nature of communication in different ways, a specificity that can be extended to literary movements or even to whole cultural epochs. My hypothesis has been examined in relation to Chekhov’s understanding of communication, as it is revealed in his texts, together with that of some of his predecessors in classical Russian literature (Turgenev, Tolstoy, and Dostoevsky). Studies of communication in Chekhov have, in general, been limited to single stories and plays, or to a small sample of his work. This study examines over three-hundred and fifty Chekhov texts, including all the major plays and short stories, as well as many of the early comic stories (rarely discussed by critics). The theoretical framework of speech genres has been employed to study Chekhov’s complete oeuvre. Since the first performances of his plays by the Moscow Art Theatre, nearly a century ago, critics have pondered misunderstandings and “breakdowns of communication” between Chekhov’s characters. A critical consensus has arisen which argues that: “Chekhov’s characters do not want to understand each other. They are good people but their lack of good will makes their world perish – such is the message of his works.” On the contrary, this study attempts to show that breakdowns of communication in Chekhov’s works are not willed by the characters, but...
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Часть текста: la terminais paraissait celle de M. Maurice Roche 1 — traduction sensiblement différent d’ailleurs — et “l’Étudiant”, nouvelle très courte mais fort belle, j’ai l’intention de publier prochainement ma traduction d’ Убийство ” en volume. J’ai été fort étonnée de ne point retrouver cette dernière nouvelle dans l’édition de vos oeuvres en volume 2 . Et à cet égard je serai très désireuse d’ avoir quelques renseignements. J’aimerais à connaître les détails qui intéressent le texte même de ce récit. Dans quelles circonstances vous l’avez écrit?À quelle époque? Les difficultés que vous avez peut être recontrées pour sa publication, enfin pourquoi il ne fait point partie de vos oeuvres éditées en volume 3 ? En effet cette oeuvre me parait capitale comme caractéristique de la...